试题

题目:
先化简,再求值:
(1)(
3x
x-1
-
x
x+1
x2-1
x
,其中x=
2
-2
(2)(x-2-
5
x+2
x-3
2x+4
,其中x=
2
-3

答案
解:(1)解一:原式=[
3x(x+1)
(x-1)(x+1)
-
x(x-1)
(x-1)(x+1)
x2-1
x

=
3x2+3x-x2+x
(x-1)(x+1)
·
x2-1
x

=
2x2+4x
(x+1)(x-1)
·
x2-1
x

=
2x(x +2)
(x+1)(x-1)
·
(x+1)(x-1)
x

=2(x+2)
当x=
2
-2时,原式=2(
2
-2+2)=2
2

解二:原式=
3x
x-1
·
x2-1
x
-
x
x+1
·
x2-1
x

=
3x
x-1
·
(x-1)(x+1)
x
-
x
x+1
·
(x-1x+1)
x

=3(x+1)-(x-1)
=3x+3-x+1
=2x+4
当x=
2
-2时,原式=2(
2
-2)+4=2
2


(2)原式=(
x2-4
x+2
-
5
x+2
)·
2(x+2)
x-3

=
x2-9
x+2
·
2(x+2)
x-3

=
(x+3)(x-3)
x+2
·
2(x+2)
x-3

=2x+6.
当x=
2
-3时,原式=2(
2
-3)+6=2
2

解:(1)解一:原式=[
3x(x+1)
(x-1)(x+1)
-
x(x-1)
(x-1)(x+1)
x2-1
x

=
3x2+3x-x2+x
(x-1)(x+1)
·
x2-1
x

=
2x2+4x
(x+1)(x-1)
·
x2-1
x

=
2x(x +2)
(x+1)(x-1)
·
(x+1)(x-1)
x

=2(x+2)
当x=
2
-2时,原式=2(
2
-2+2)=2
2

解二:原式=
3x
x-1
·
x2-1
x
-
x
x+1
·
x2-1
x

=
3x
x-1
·
(x-1)(x+1)
x
-
x
x+1
·
(x-1x+1)
x

=3(x+1)-(x-1)
=3x+3-x+1
=2x+4
当x=
2
-2时,原式=2(
2
-2)+4=2
2


(2)原式=(
x2-4
x+2
-
5
x+2
)·
2(x+2)
x-3

=
x2-9
x+2
·
2(x+2)
x-3

=
(x+3)(x-3)
x+2
·
2(x+2)
x-3

=2x+6.
当x=
2
-3时,原式=2(
2
-3)+6=2
2
考点梳理
分式的化简求值.
(1)(2)先根据分式混合运算的法则把原式进行化简,再把x的值代入求解即可.
本题考查的是分式的化简求值,在解答此类题目时要注意通分、分解因式、约分等知识点的灵活运用.
计算题.
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