试题

题目:
计算:
(1)(-
1
3
+
5
6
-
7
12
)×2
2
5

(2)(-56)×(
4
7
-
3
8
+
1
14
);
(3)-2×(-8)×5×(-1
1
4
);
(4)99
17
18
×(-18);
(5)(-0.25)×13×(-
3
4
)×
2
3

(6)3.1416×6.495+3.1416×(-5.495).
答案
解:(1)(-
1
3
+
5
6
-
7
12
)×2
2
5

=(-
1
3
+
5
6
-
7
12
)×
12
5

=-
1
3
×
12
5
+
5
6
×
12
5
-
7
12
×
12
5

=-
4
5
+2-
7
5

=2-
11
5

=-
1
5


(2)(-56)×(
4
7
-
3
8
+
1
14
),
=
4
7
×(-56)-
3
8
×(-56)+
1
14
×(-56),
=-32+21-4,
=-36+21,
=-15;

(3)-2×(-8)×5×(-1
1
4
),
=-2×5×(-8)×(-
5
4
),
=-10×10,
=-100;

(4)99
17
18
×(-18),
=(100-
1
18
)×(-18),
=100×(-18)-
1
18
×(-18),
=-1800+1,
=-1799;

(5)(-0.25)×13×(-
3
4
)×
2
3

=(-
1
4
)×13×(-
3
4
)×
2
3

=
1
4
×13×
3
4
×
2
3

=
13
8


(6)3.1416×6.495+3.1416×(-5.495),
=3.1416×(6.495-5.495),
=3.1416.
解:(1)(-
1
3
+
5
6
-
7
12
)×2
2
5

=(-
1
3
+
5
6
-
7
12
)×
12
5

=-
1
3
×
12
5
+
5
6
×
12
5
-
7
12
×
12
5

=-
4
5
+2-
7
5

=2-
11
5

=-
1
5


(2)(-56)×(
4
7
-
3
8
+
1
14
),
=
4
7
×(-56)-
3
8
×(-56)+
1
14
×(-56),
=-32+21-4,
=-36+21,
=-15;

(3)-2×(-8)×5×(-1
1
4
),
=-2×5×(-8)×(-
5
4
),
=-10×10,
=-100;

(4)99
17
18
×(-18),
=(100-
1
18
)×(-18),
=100×(-18)-
1
18
×(-18),
=-1800+1,
=-1799;

(5)(-0.25)×13×(-
3
4
)×
2
3

=(-
1
4
)×13×(-
3
4
)×
2
3

=
1
4
×13×
3
4
×
2
3

=
13
8


(6)3.1416×6.495+3.1416×(-5.495),
=3.1416×(6.495-5.495),
=3.1416.
考点梳理
有理数的乘法.
(1)把带分数化为假分数,然后利用乘法分配律进行计算即可得解;
(2)利用乘法分配律进行计算即可得解;
(3)利用乘法交换、结合律,把-2与5交换结合到一起,-8与-1
1
4
交换结合到一起,然后进行计算即可得解;
(4)把99
17
18
写成(100-
1
18
),然后利用乘法分配律进行计算即可得解;
(5)把小数化为分数,然后利用乘法运算法则进行计算即可得解;
(6)逆运用乘法分配律进行计算即可得解.
本题考查了有理数的乘法运算,利用运算定律运算可以使计算更加简便,计算时要注意运算符号的处理.
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