试题

题目:
计算:
(1)(-
2
3
)-(+
1
3
)-|-
3
4
|-(0.25)

(2)(
5
6
)2×(0.6+1
4
5
-2
1
10
)÷(-
3
10
)

(3)25×(
1
2
)2-(-25)×
1
5
+25×
3
4

(4)(-
3
2
)3×(-0.6)2-(-
4
5
)2×1.53-23÷(-
2
3
)3

(5)[53-4×(-5)2-(-1)10]÷(-24-24+24).
答案
解:(1)(-
2
3
)-(+
1
3
)-|-
3
4
|-(0.25)

=(-
2
3
-
1
3
)-(
3
4
+
1
4
),
=-1-1,
=-2;

(2)(
5
6
)2×(0.6+1
4
5
-2
1
10
)÷(-
3
10
)

=
25
36
×
3
10
×(-
10
3
),
=-
25
36


(3)25×(
1
2
)2-(-25)×
1
5
+25×
3
4

=25×
1
4
+25×
1
5
+25×
3
4

=25×(
1
4
+
3
4
)+25×
1
5

═25×1+5,
=25+5,
=30;

(4)(-
3
2
)3×(-0.6)2-(-
4
5
)2×1.53-23÷(-
2
3
)3

=-
27
8
×
9
25
-
16
25
×
27
8
-8×(-
27
8
),
=-
27
8
×(
9
25
+
16
25
)+27,
=-
27
8
+27,
=23
5
8


(5)[53-4×(-5)2-(-1)10]÷(-24-24+24),
=[125-4×25-1]÷(-16-24+16),
=[125-100-1]÷(-16-24+16),
=24÷(-24),
=-1.
解:(1)(-
2
3
)-(+
1
3
)-|-
3
4
|-(0.25)

=(-
2
3
-
1
3
)-(
3
4
+
1
4
),
=-1-1,
=-2;

(2)(
5
6
)2×(0.6+1
4
5
-2
1
10
)÷(-
3
10
)

=
25
36
×
3
10
×(-
10
3
),
=-
25
36


(3)25×(
1
2
)2-(-25)×
1
5
+25×
3
4

=25×
1
4
+25×
1
5
+25×
3
4

=25×(
1
4
+
3
4
)+25×
1
5

═25×1+5,
=25+5,
=30;

(4)(-
3
2
)3×(-0.6)2-(-
4
5
)2×1.53-23÷(-
2
3
)3

=-
27
8
×
9
25
-
16
25
×
27
8
-8×(-
27
8
),
=-
27
8
×(
9
25
+
16
25
)+27,
=-
27
8
+27,
=23
5
8


(5)[53-4×(-5)2-(-1)10]÷(-24-24+24),
=[125-4×25-1]÷(-16-24+16),
=[125-100-1]÷(-16-24+16),
=24÷(-24),
=-1.
考点梳理
有理数的混合运算.
(1)先算同分母分数,再相加即可求解;
(2)(3)(4)(5)按照有理数混合运算的顺序,先乘方后乘除最后算加减,有括号的先算括号里面的.
本题考查的是有理数的运算能力.注意:
(1)要正确掌握运算顺序,在混合运算中要特别注意运算顺序:先三级,后二级,再一级;有括号的先算括号里面的;同级运算按从左到右的顺序;
(2)去括号法则:--得+,-+得-,++得+,+-得-.
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