试题

题目:
计算:
(1)(+1
1
3
)+(-5
2
3
)

(2)( 
17
35
-
4
7
+
4
5
 )×(-35)
(3)-22-(-3)3×(-1)4
(4)
2
3
×(-
2
1
4
)-
3-3
3
8

(5)-22-(-3)3×(-1)4-(-1)5
(6)
1
2
+(-
2
3
)+
4
5
+(-
1
2
)+(-
1
3
)

(7)[(-
3
2
)
3
×(-
4
3
)
2
÷(-
1
2
)-32-(-3)3]×(-14)

(8)(-81)÷2
1
4
×(-
4
9
)÷(-16)
(9)3-2×(-5)2
(10)-48×(
1
2
-
5
8
+
1
3
-
11
16
)

(11)(-
1
3
)2×0.52×(-6)3×24

答案
解:(1)(+1
1
3
)+(-5
2
3
),
=-(5
2
3
-1
1
3
),
=-4
1
3


(2)(
17
35
-
4
7
+
4
5
)×(-35),
=
17
35
×(-35)-
4
7
×(-35)+
4
5
×(-35),
=-17+20-28,
=-45+20,
=-25;

(3)-22-(-3)3×(-1)4
=-4-(-27)×1,
=-4+27,
=23;

(4)
2
3
×(-
2
1
4
)-
3-3
3
8

=
2
3
×(-
3
2
)-(-
3
2
),
=-1+
3
2

=
1
2


(5)-22-(-3)3×(-1)4-(-1)5
=-4-(-27)×1-(-1),
=4+27+1,
=32;

(6)
1
2
+(-
2
3
)+
4
5
+(-
1
2
)+(-
1
3
),
=
1
2
+(-
1
2
)+(-
2
3
)+(-
1
3
)+
4
5

=0-1+
4
5

=-
1
5


(7)[(-
3
2
3×(-
4
3
2÷(-
1
2
)-32-(-3)3]×(-14),
=[(-
27
8
)×
16
9
×(-2)-9-(-27)]×(-1),
=(12-9+27)×(-1),
=30×(-1),
=-30;

(8)(-81)÷2
1
4
×(-
4
9
)÷(-16),
=(-81)×
4
9
×(-
4
9
)×(-
1
16
),
=-81×
4
9
×
4
9
×
1
16

=-1;

(9)3-2×(-5)2
=3-2×25,
=3-50,
=-47;

(10)-48×(
1
2
-
5
8
+
1
3
-
11
16
),
=
1
2
×(-48)-
5
8
×(-48)+
1
3
×(-48)-
11
16
×(-48),
=-24+30-16+33,
=-40+63,
=23;

(11)(-
1
3
2×0.52×(-6)3×24
=
1
9
×
1
4
×(-216)×16,
=-96.
解:(1)(+1
1
3
)+(-5
2
3
),
=-(5
2
3
-1
1
3
),
=-4
1
3


(2)(
17
35
-
4
7
+
4
5
)×(-35),
=
17
35
×(-35)-
4
7
×(-35)+
4
5
×(-35),
=-17+20-28,
=-45+20,
=-25;

(3)-22-(-3)3×(-1)4
=-4-(-27)×1,
=-4+27,
=23;

(4)
2
3
×(-
2
1
4
)-
3-3
3
8

=
2
3
×(-
3
2
)-(-
3
2
),
=-1+
3
2

=
1
2


(5)-22-(-3)3×(-1)4-(-1)5
=-4-(-27)×1-(-1),
=4+27+1,
=32;

(6)
1
2
+(-
2
3
)+
4
5
+(-
1
2
)+(-
1
3
),
=
1
2
+(-
1
2
)+(-
2
3
)+(-
1
3
)+
4
5

=0-1+
4
5

=-
1
5


(7)[(-
3
2
3×(-
4
3
2÷(-
1
2
)-32-(-3)3]×(-14),
=[(-
27
8
)×
16
9
×(-2)-9-(-27)]×(-1),
=(12-9+27)×(-1),
=30×(-1),
=-30;

(8)(-81)÷2
1
4
×(-
4
9
)÷(-16),
=(-81)×
4
9
×(-
4
9
)×(-
1
16
),
=-81×
4
9
×
4
9
×
1
16

=-1;

(9)3-2×(-5)2
=3-2×25,
=3-50,
=-47;

(10)-48×(
1
2
-
5
8
+
1
3
-
11
16
),
=
1
2
×(-48)-
5
8
×(-48)+
1
3
×(-48)-
11
16
×(-48),
=-24+30-16+33,
=-40+63,
=23;

(11)(-
1
3
2×0.52×(-6)3×24
=
1
9
×
1
4
×(-216)×16,
=-96.
考点梳理
有理数的混合运算.
(1)根据有理数的加法运算法则进行计算即可得解;
(2)利用乘法分配律进行计算即可得解;
(3)先算乘方,再算乘法,然后算加减;
(4)先根据算术平方根与立方根的定义进行计算,然后再算乘法,最后算加减;
(5)先算乘方,再算乘法,然后算加减;
(6)利用加法交换结合律,同分母分数相加减;
(7)先算乘方,再算乘除,最后算加减进行计算即可得解;
(8)把带分数化为假分数,除法转化为乘法,按照从左到右的顺序依次进行计算即可得解;
(9)先算乘方,再算乘法,然后算加减;
(10)利用乘法分配律进行计算即可得解;
(11)先算乘方,然后按照从左到右的顺序依次进行计算即可得解.
本题考查的是有理数的运算能力,注意:
(1)要正确掌握运算顺序,在混合运算中要特别注意运算顺序:先三级,后二级,再一级;有括号的先算括号里面的;同级运算按从左到右的顺序;
(2)去括号法则:--得+,-+得-,++得+,+-得-.
(3)整式中如果有多重括号应按照先去小括号,再去中括号,最后大括号的顺序进行.
计算题.
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