试题

题目:
计算:
(1)12-(-18)+(-7)-15
(2)(-1+
1
2
-
1
4
+
1
8
)×(-8)

(3)1
1
2
×〔|-3|×(-
2
3
)2-1〕-
1
4
×(-2)3

答案
解:(1)12-(-18)+(-7)-15
=12+18+(-7)+(-15)
=30+(-22)
=8;
(2)(-1+
1
2
-
1
4
+
1
8
)×(-8)

=(-1)×(-8)+
1
2
×(-8)-
1
4
×(-8)+
1
8
×(-8)
=8+(-4)-(-2)+(-1)
=8+(-4)+2+(-1)
=10+(-5)
=5;
(3)1
1
2
×〔|-3|×(-
2
3
)2-1〕-
1
4
×(-2)3

=
3
2
×(3×
4
9
-1)-
1
4
×(-8)
=
3
2
×(
4
3
-1)-(-2)
=
3
2
×
1
3
+2
=
1
2
+2
=2
1
2

解:(1)12-(-18)+(-7)-15
=12+18+(-7)+(-15)
=30+(-22)
=8;
(2)(-1+
1
2
-
1
4
+
1
8
)×(-8)

=(-1)×(-8)+
1
2
×(-8)-
1
4
×(-8)+
1
8
×(-8)
=8+(-4)-(-2)+(-1)
=8+(-4)+2+(-1)
=10+(-5)
=5;
(3)1
1
2
×〔|-3|×(-
2
3
)2-1〕-
1
4
×(-2)3

=
3
2
×(3×
4
9
-1)-
1
4
×(-8)
=
3
2
×(
4
3
-1)-(-2)
=
3
2
×
1
3
+2
=
1
2
+2
=2
1
2
考点梳理
有理数的混合运算.
(1)注意遇减变加,加上这个数的相反数,把加减混合运算变为加法去做;
(2)利用乘法分配律将算式展开进行运算;
(3)运算时,要先计算绝对值与乘方,再计算乘,最后算减.
计算中注意法则、乘法分配律的运用,还得进一步搞清运算顺序,把握符号才能计算正确.
找相似题